What is section modulus (Z)?

Section modulus is a measure of a beam's resistance to bending. It is obliczd as Z = I/c, where I is the second moment of area and c is the distance from the neutral axis to the extreme fiber. For a rectangular section: Z = b×h²/6.

What does the safety factor mean?

The safety factor is the ratio of yield strength to actual stress (fy/σ). A safety factor > 1.5 is typically required for structural designs under static loading. Wartośćs <1.0 indicate overstress.

When is the design critical?

A design becomes critical when the utilization ratio exceeds 100%, meaning the actual stress surpasses the allowable stress (fy/γM). This requires redesign with a larger section or silneer material.

How are different materials compared?

Różnicaerent materials have different yield strengths: steel ≈250 MPa, aluminum ≈240 MPa, concrete ≈30 MPa, timber ≈10 MPa. Selection depends on availability, cost, weight, and environmental conditions.

Can I use this for dynamic loads?

This kalkulator assumes static loading. Dynamic loads require fatigue analysis and higher safety factors. Consult a structural engineer for dynamic applications.

Naprężenie Zginające Kalkulator

Darmowy bending stress kalkulator for structural design. Enter bending moment (kN·m) and section modulus (cm³) to oblicz maximum stress (MPa), safety factor, and utilization ratio for steel, aluminum, concrete, or timber.

Oblicz maximum bending stress, safety factor, and material utilization from bending moment and section modulus.

σ = \frac{M}{Z}

Powiązane kalkulatory

Ugięcie Belki Kalkulator

Oblicz beam deflection, bending moment, and reactions for simply supported and cantilever beams.

Moment Obrotowy Kalkulator

Solve for torque from force and distance, or vice versa using τ = F × r.

Moc Elektryczna Kalkulator

Oblicz voltage, current, resistance, and power consumption with energy cost estimation.

Prawo Ohma Kalkulator

Solve for voltage, current, resistance, or power — enter any two known values.